Background This study aimed to investigate the real-world experience of drug-coated balloon (DCB) in coronary intervention therapy. Methods This study was a single-center, retrospective study included 1,118 patients who underwent DCB treatment at Shanghai Putuo Central Hospital from January 2019 to December 2023, with a follow-up period ranging from 2 to 5 years. Clinical data, biochemical test results, interventional parameters, and clinical follow-up data of patients were collected, the effectiveness and safety of DCB in a real-world setting were analysed. Results Among the 1,118 patients who underwent drug-coated balloon (DCB) treatment, the incidence of major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE) was 17.1% (191 cases), including 21 deaths (1.9%), 14 recurrent myocardial infarctions (1.3%), and 167 target vessel revascularizations (14.9%). Procedural coronary artery dissection occurred in 144 patients (12.9%). Multivariable Cox regression analysis identified cutting balloon use (HR = 2.07; 95% CI: 1.31–3.28; P = 0.002) and smoking (HR = 7.65; 95% CI: 5.51–10.62; P 0.001) as independent risk factors for MACE. Conversely, larger culprit vessel diameter (HR = 0.22; 95% CI: 0.14–0.35; P 0.001) wa s independently associated with a reduced risk of MACE after DCB treatment. Conclusion In this real-world cohort of patients undergoing DCB-based coronary intervention, mortality and recurrent MI were infrequent, whereas MACE occurred in nearly one-fifth of the cohort, predominantly driven by TVR. Target vessel revascularization was associated with culprit vessel diameter, cutting balloon use, smoking status, vascular calcification, bailout stenting, and culprit vessel length.
Chen et al. (Thu,) studied this question.