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This study aims to examine how various social factors impact depression levels in adults across South Africa.

May 25, 2026Open Access

Social determinants of depression among adults in South Africa

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Cross-sectional survey investigates social factors influencing depression in adults, indicating key areas for intervention.

This study aims to examine how various social factors impact depression levels in adults across South Africa.
Cross-sectional analysis of data from 4052 adults in six provinces of South Africa
Depression assessed using Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9)
Logistic regression analysis to determine associations between social determinants and depression.
35.0% of participants reported no depression, 47.3% minimal or mild depression, and 17.7% moderate to severe depression.
Low economic status and high adverse life events are significantly associated with higher depression rates (adjusted odds ratios not provided).
Older age, being female, and being parented by nonbiological parents were also linked to increased depression.

Human Sciences Research Council (2026) studied this question.

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