Remote Monitoring of Cardiovascular Autonomic Dysfunction in Synucleinopathies With a Wearable Chest Patch

In neurodegenerative conditions like Parkinson’s disease (PD) and multiple system atrophy (MSA), cardiovascular autonomic dysfunction (CVAD) is associated with several poor longterm health outcomes. CVAD commonly manifests as orthostatic hypotension (OH), a sustained drop in blood pressure upon standing that can cause syncope and falls. Conventional screening methods for OH are suboptimal and formal autonomic testing is limited to specialized centers. This study explores a multimodal wearable sensing patch for remote monitoring of CVAD. We collected wave-form data during clinical autonomic testing and a 24-hour period at home from 20 participants with synucleinopathies (12 with OH) and 6 healthy controls. We developed an automated posture detection pipeline that identified 103 at-home orthostatic events. Then, physiomarkers related to heart rate variability, cardiac mechanics, and vasomotor function were derived during the supine and standing periods associated with clinical and at-home orthostatic transitions. Comparisons of baroreflex-related supine physiomarkers revealed significant differences between those with and without OH. We characterized cardiovascular autonomic dynamics while standing, leveraging low-dimensional representations, and found marked differences in the aggregate responses between groups. We also observed significantly higher within-subject similarity between the at-home responses of the OH group. Finally, we examined the discriminative power of the patch’s physiomarkers and demonstrated accurate classification of persons with OH during the clinical stand testing (F1=0.83). This study is the first to couple orthostatic event detection with machine learning analysis of wearable-derived physiomarkers, illustrating that wearable sensing can accurately classify OH and provide novel insights into CVAD outside the clinic.