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This article examines the linkage between experiential educational programs that emphasize civic engagement and the activities of local governmental and nonprofit organizations. While leaders of governments and organizations have only irregular contacts with higher education programs that might encourage civic engagement and leaders perceive a diverse range of benefits and costs associated with student service and assistance, still they perceive that students' involvement in collective organizations can change their sense of civic engagement in meaningful ways.
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Brisbin et al. (2003) studied this question.
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