A New Paradigm for Small-Signal Stability Analysis in Modern Power Systems: Challenges, Models, and Methods in Power Systems Rich in Power Electronics

Modern electrical energy systems face the dual challenge of decarbonization while maintaining reliability and cost efficiency. Efforts to address these challenges focus on several key areas. First, renewable energy sources like photovoltaic and wind, which rely on power electronics for grid connection, are becoming prominent. Their variable nature requires flexibility to balance generation and demand from equipment such as energy storage units and flexible loads. Second, during the integration of these diverse units, developing additional high-voltage dc (HVdc) transmission systems and flexible ac transmission systems is essential to maintain electrical variables within the design limits. Finally, the electrification of demand is growing, particularly in sectors like mobility, driven by the rise of electric vehicles and their charging infrastructure.