Key result
Hypertension remains a major global CV risk factor with poor awareness and control, especially in LMICs.
Why the study?
Hypertension is a leading global medical condition and a major cause of morbidity and mortality in low- and middle-income countries, prompting a review of its epidemiological importance as a risk factor for cardiovascular disease globally, in Latin America, and in Colombia.
This review highlights the critical need for improved detection, treatment, and control programs for hypertension, particularly in low- and middle-income countries, to reduce cardiovascular morbidity and mortality.
Persistent gaps in hypertension awareness and control in LMICs leave open optimal scalable interventions.
Introduction: hypertension is one of the leading medical conditions worldwide and is an important cause of morbidity and mortality in low and middle-income countries. Objective: to determine the epidemiological importance of hypertension as a risk factor for cardiovascular diseases (CVD) in different studies carried out in the world, Latin America and Colombia. Methodology: a search of the scientific literature using the PudMed / Medline, Scielo, LILACS databases, as well as the medical journals and texts published by the Colombian Ministry of Health and Social Protection. Discussion and conclusions: more than 90% of hypertensive patients have primary hypertension, which is associated with increased peripheral vascular resistance. Prevalence and adequate management of hypertension are related with the socioeconomic characteristics of countries and individual educational level The increase in prevalence of chronic diseases together with important historical events, were determinant for the development of worldwide epidemiology studies such as the Framingham Heart Study. Diverse studies aimed to gather information on hypertension showing alarming figures in terms of awareness, treatment and control of this condition, have been conducted in Latin America and Colombia. Thus, identifying a need for programs for detecting hypertension, in order to design strategies to enable significant reduction of CVD.
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Fernández et al. (2022) conducted a review in Hypertension and cardiovascular risk. Hypertension is a major cardiovascular risk factor globally, with high prevalence but low rates of awareness, treatment, and control, particularly in low- and middle-income countries.
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