Ferroelectric properties of tetragonal tungsten bronze single crystals

Ferroelectric tetragonal tungsten bronze (T.B.) family single crystals, e.g., SBN, BSKNN, KLN, SKN and PBN, have been grown and their ferroelectric properties have been investigated. The results show that the dielectric, piezoelectric, and electromechanical coupling coefficients are significantly large for these crystals; however, they are markedly different when going from smaller to bigger unit cell T.B. crystals. For example, ε33 and d33 are substantially larger for the smaller unit cell T.B. crystals, e.g., SBN and SKN, while ε11 and d15 are dominant for bigger unit cell bronzes. However, these differences do not have such a significant effect on the respective electro-optic and pyroelectric properties.