Key result
Sociodemographic and poor lifestyle factors are independently linked to higher BP.
Why the study?
Blood pressure trends vary by population, and understanding the impact of sociodemographic and lifestyle factors in urban Nigerians was needed to identify high-risk subgroups.
What are the sociodemographic and lifestyle determinants of blood pressure in adult Nigerians?
Cross-Sectional (n=5,076)
What are the sociodemographic and lifestyle determinants of blood pressure in adult Nigerians?
Effect estimate: β=0.03 to 0.28
Sociodemographic and lifestyle factors, including age, marital status, physical activity, and substance use, are significant independent predictors of blood pressure in urban Nigerians.
Should not yet change BP management in Nigerians; hypothesis-generating for targeted prevention trials.
BACKGROUND: Blood pressure (BP) trends are influenced by genetic, sociodemographic and lifestyle factors, with notable population-specific variations. This study assessed the impact of these determinants on BP in urban Nigerians to identify high-risk subgroups and inform targeted interventions. METHODS: We conducted a cross-sectional study of 5076 adults ages 18-92 y (51.1% female) from Lagos, Nigeria. Data were collected using a modified World Health Organization STEPS protocol, including standardized BP measurements. Multiple linear regression models evaluated the effects of sociodemographic (age, sex, education, marital status and occupation) and lifestyle factors (tobacco/alcohol use, physical activity and fruit/vegetable consumption) on systolic BP (SBP) and diastolic BP (DBP) trends. RESULTS: Age and marital status (married/cohabiting) significantly predicted higher SBP and DBP. Male sex, previously married, low physical activity and current tobacco use independently predicted elevated SBP, while alcohol consumption and employment type (salaried and self-employment) predicted higher DBP. The impacts of these factors on SBP and DBP ranged from β=0.03 to 0.28. Low fruit/vegetable consumption was not a significant independent predictor. CONCLUSIONS: Sociodemographic and lifestyle factors exhibit unique patterns in influencing BP among urban Nigerians. Tailored public health strategies, including alcohol/tobacco risk awareness, access to health screening and socio-economic/marital support, are essential for effective hypertension prevention in this population.
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Adegoke et al. (2025) conducted a cross-sectional in Blood pressure (n=5,076). Sociodemographic and lifestyle factors was evaluated on Systolic BP (SBP) and diastolic BP (DBP) trends (β=0.03 to 0.28). Sociodemographic and lifestyle factors, including age, male sex, marital status, tobacco/alcohol use, and low physical activity, independently predicted higher blood pressure (β=0.03 to 0.28).
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