Cryoscopic Investigation of Lead Oxide Mixtures with Garnet Forming Oxides, Garnets, and Related Oxide Compounds

The freezing point depression of PbO as solvent caused by the trivalent oxides and oxide compounds Fe 2 O 3 , Ga 2 O 3 , Al 2 O 3 , Bi 2 O 3 , Y 2 O 3 , Gd 2 O 3 , La 2 O 3 , YFeO 3 , Fe 3 O 4 , Y 3 Fe 5 O 12 , Gd 3 Ga 5 O 12 , and PbFe 12 O 19 allows to determine the number of particles which are formed from these compounds in the diluted solutions. — We have measured the liquidus temperatures of binary mixtures with the help of a DTA‐equipment. In this way the cryoscopic constant K̄ c = 121 ± 16 K · kg · mole −1 of PbO was determined by addition of ZnO, Cu 2 O, PbSO 4 , and PbF 2 , respectively. The experimental results show that the oxides and oxide compounds dissociate in particles which contain only one cation of the solved compound.