Approaches to Mobile App-based Cardiac Rehabilitation: A Systematic Review (Preprint)

BACKGROUND The European Society of Cardiology recommends cardiac rehabilitation for all patients with acute coronary syndrome, which may be facilitated through mobile applications using physical activity monitoring and goal setting. This systematic review aims to identify and summarize which techniques are employed by mobile app-based cardiac rehabilitation programs. OBJECTIVE The aim of this systematic review is to identify and summarise the techniques that are used by mobile application based cardiac rehabilitation programmes and their effectiveness. METHODS We searched Embase, Medline and CINAHL from their inception to 15/5/2024 for articles describing the use of mobile apps within a cardiac rehabilitation programme. RESULTS 24 articles were included, detailing the use of physical activity monitoring devices, goal setting, motivational messaging, phone and video calls, and web portals. Of these, 10 described physical activity monitoring devices, and 23 discussed goal setting. Several of these articles were small-scale feasibility studies. Home-based CR programmes offered greater patient choice and improved participation. These programmes often involved strategies such as activity tracking and goal-setting. CONCLUSIONS Home-based CR programmes delivered via mobile apps offer a convenient alternative for patients unable to attend hospital-based CR programmes. These apps personalize rehabilitation plans through features like activity tracking and custom goal setting, potentially improving engagement and adherence. Larger clinical trials with longer follow-up periods are needed to assess their full effectiveness.