Key result
High-salt-fat diet elevates BP and triggers dyslipidemia and oxidative stress in rats.
Why the study?
Fatty and salty diets are reported risk factors for hypertension and cardio-renal failure, but the role of a high-salt-fat diet on blood pressure, cardio-renal function, redox, and inflammatory status required evaluation.
Does a high-salt-fat diet induce hypertension and perturb cardio-renal anti-oxidant and pro-inflammatory status in male Wistar rats?
Does a high-salt-fat diet induce hypertension and perturb cardio-renal anti-oxidant and pro-inflammatory status in male Wistar rats?
p-value: p=<0.05
Simultaneous consumption of a high-salt and high-fat diet induces hypertension, dyslipidemia, and oxidative stress in the heart and kidneys of a rat model.
Supports rodent models of combined dietary hypertension; leaves open human cardio-renal translation.
Background Fatty and salty diets are reported risk factors in the etiology of hypertension, renal and cardiac failure. Oxidative stress and inflammation are biochemical processes in the onset of most diseases. This study sought to evaluate the role of high-salt–fat diet (HS-HFD) on blood pressure (BP), cardio-renal function, redox and inflammatory status. Twelve male Wistar rats were divided into two groups and fed with normal chow and HS-HFD, respectively. Results After 12 weeks, HS-HFD-fed rats showed considerable weight reduction, elevated systolic and diastolic BP. Serum cholesterol and low-density lipoprotein (LDL) were increased, and high-density lipoprotein (HDL) and triacylglycerol levels were significantly ( p < 0.05) reduced in the HS-HFD-fed animals. Angiotensin 1-converting enzyme was elevated in the HS-HFD rats, with no difference in nitric oxide between the two groups. Urea, lactate dehydrogenase, creatinine, bicarbonate and chloride levels were elevated in the HS-HFD-fed group, while potassium, sodium and magnesium were reduced. Creatine kinase activity was reduced in the heart of HS-HFD rats, with no difference in serum troponin. The kidney of HS-HFD rats showed increased superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase, glutathione and glutathione-S-transferase (GST) with reduced catalase and malondialdehyde (MDA). Heart SOD, catalase and MDA levels were similar in the two groups, with GPx, GST and GSH elevated in the control. Kidney tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) increased in HS-HFD group, with no difference in the heart of the rats in the two groups. TGF-β decreased in the kidney and heart of the HS-HFD-fed rats. Conclusions HS-HFD elicited hypertension associated with perturbation in redox and pro-inflammatory status in the kidney and heart of the rats.
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Fadahunsi et al. (2024) studied Healthy (n=12). High-salt-fat diet vs. Normal rat chow was evaluated on Systolic and diastolic blood pressure (p=<0.05). A high-salt-fat diet significantly elevated systolic and diastolic blood pressure and induced dyslipidemia and oxidative stress in male Wistar rats over 12 weeks.
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