Key result
BMI shows a U-shaped link to PAD in hypertension, with lowest risk at 25.7 kg/m2.
Why the study?
High BMI is a recognized cardiovascular risk factor, but its role in PAD remains perplexing.
Does body mass index associate with the risk of peripheral arterial disease in a Chinese hypertensive population?
Cross-Sectional (n=10,896)
Does body mass index associate with the risk of peripheral arterial disease in a Chinese hypertensive population?
Odds Ratio: 0.73 (95% CI 0.6–0.89)
p-value: p=0.002
In a Chinese hypertensive population, body mass index demonstrates a U-shaped association with the risk of peripheral arterial disease, with the lowest risk observed at a BMI of 25.7 kg/m².
Warrants caution against linear BMI assumptions in hypertension; leaves open causality and generalizability of the U-shaped PAD association.
Background: High body mass index (BMI) is a well-recognized risk factor for cardiovascular diseases. But its role in peripheral artery disease (PAD) remains perplexing. Our study aims to evaluate the association of BMI with PAD in the Chinese hypertensive population. Methods: This is a cross-sectional study with enrollment data from the Chinese H-type Hypertension Registry.10896 hypertensive patients aged ≥ 18 years were included in the final analysis. Results: The prevalence of PAD diagnosed by ABI in this study was 3.2% (n=351). A U-shaped association between BMI and PAD was found. Per SD increment (3.6 kg/m 2 ) on the left side of the BMI threshold (BMI < 25.7 kg/m 2 ) was associated with a 27% decrease in the adjusted risk of PAD [OR, 0.73; 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.60, 0.89; P=0.002]; BMI was significantly positively associated with the risk of PAD (OR, 1.52; 95% CI 1.52, 1.93; P=0.001) in those with BMI ≥ 25.7 kg/m 2 . Conclusion: In summary, a U-shaped association between BMI and the risk of PAD in the Chinese hypertensive population was found. BMI with the lowest risk of PAD was estimated to be 25.7 kg/m 2 .
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Li et al. (2021) conducted a cross-sectional in Hypertension and Peripheral Arterial Disease (n=10,896). Body Mass Index vs. BMI threshold of 25.7 kg/m2 was evaluated on Risk of Peripheral Arterial Disease (PAD) per SD increment of BMI on the left side of the threshold (BMI < 25.7 kg/m2) (OR 0.73, 95% CI 0.60, 0.89, p=0.002). In Chinese hypertensive patients, body mass index showed a U-shaped association with peripheral arterial disease risk, where the lowest risk was estimated at a BMI of 25.7 kg/m2.
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