Multi-RIS-Assisted UAV-Enabled V2X Communications Under Mobility-Aware CSI Aging

Vehicle-to-everything (V2X) communication systems impose stringent latency and reliability requirements that are difficult to satisfy in highly dynamic wireless environments. Although reconfigurable intelligent surfaces (RISs) and unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) have independently demonstrated potential in enhancing wireless coverage, most existing RIS–UAV frameworks rely on idealized assumptions such as perfect channel state information (CSI) and static user scenarios. In this paper, a multi-RIS-assisted UAV-enabled V2X communication framework is proposed that explicitly accounts for vehicular mobility, latency constraints, and mobility-induced CSI aging. Multiple RIS panels are cooperatively deployed to eliminate coverage blind spots and ensure link continuity in realistic V2X environments. A joint UAV mobility and RIS phase optimization approach is proposed under outdated CSI to improve link reliability. Additionally, a time-varying performance analysis is carried out for understanding the dynamic behavior of signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) and average bit error rate (ABER) for mobility-aware CSI aging. Simulation results demonstrate that the proposed framework reduces the ABER by approximately 75% compared to a conventional single-RIS system under outdated CSI at 20 dB SNR (1.07×10−1 vs. 4.32×10−1), while substantially suppressing outage intervals in high-mobility V2X scenarios (v=20 m/s, CSI delay τ=20 ms), confirming the effectiveness of cooperative multi-RIS assistance for safety-critical vehicular communications.