Remote Ischemic Conditioning in Pediatric Cancer Patients Receiving Anthracycline Chemotherapy

Figures

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  Figure 1. Study Protocol Newly diagnosed pediatric cancer patients between 2018 and 2021 were screened for eligibility to be recruited into the study. hs-cTnT = high-sensitivity cardiac troponin T; RIC = remote ischemic conditioning.

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  Figure 2. Recruitment and Flow of Study Participants From January 2018 to December 2021, a total of 84 eligible patients were identified to be eligible for inclusion. Thirteen patients declined, and 3 withdrew before randomization; the remaining 68 were randomized to receive remote ischemic conditioning (RIC) or sham protocol.

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  Figure 3. Longitudinal Changes in Natural Log Transformed hs-cTnT Levels Natural log-transformed plasma levels of high-sensitivity cardiac troponin T (hs-cTnT) showed a progressive increase across the time points (TPs) in the remote ischemic conditioning group (denoted in red) and the sham group (denoted in blue). At each of the TPs, there were no significant differences between the 2 groups. The error bars represent least square mean ± 95% CI.

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  Figure 4. Longitudinal Changes in Natural Log-Transformed hs-cTnT Levels in Hematologic and Nonhematologic Malignancies The natural log-transformed plasma levels of hs-cTnT in (A) patients with hematologic malignancies and (B) patients with nonhematologic malignancies showed a progressive increase across the time points in both the remote ischemic conditioning group (denoted in red) and the sham group (denoted in blue). At each of the TPs, there were no significant differences in hs-cTnT between the 2 interventions in both patient groups. The error bars represent least square mean ± 95% CI. Abbreviations as in Figure 3.

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  Central Illustration. Remote Ischemic Conditioning Did Not Result in Cardioprotective Effects in Childhood Cancer Patients Remote ischemic conditioning (RIC) did not have significant effects on the plasma levels of high-sensitivity cardiac troponin T (hs-cTnT), the parameters of left ventricular (LV) systolic and diastolic function, or the occurrence of cardiovascular events in childhood cancer patients undergoing anthracycline-based chemotherapy followed up until 3 months after completion of anthracycline therapy. BP = blood pressure.