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May 29, 2026Journal of Clinical Oncology

Distribution and density of tertiary lymphoid structures as predictors of clinical outcomes and immunotherapy responses in gallbladder cancer.

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Authors

RZRui ZhangYGYichen GuanJYJiawei Yuan

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Overview

Randomized trial explores how tertiary lymphoid structures impact outcomes in gallbladder cancer, suggesting they guide treatment choices.

Key Points

  • This study investigates the role of tertiary lymphoid structures in influencing outcomes and immunotherapy responses in gallbladder cancer.
  • Analyzed 99 gallbladder cancer patients who underwent curative resection from 2015 to 2020.
  • Used H&E and multiplex immunohistochemistry to assess TLS distribution and maturation.
  • Developed novel TLS scores to correlate with overall survival and immunotherapy response.
  • T score correlated with improved overall survival (p < 0.001); P score negatively correlated with overall survival (p < 0.001).
  • Responders to immunotherapy had higher intratumoral TLS scores (median 2.5 vs. 0.5, p < 0.01) and greater TLS numbers (8.0 vs. 3.0/ROI, p < 0.05).
  • TLS-high tumors in PDX models progressed slower (p < 0.05) and had better responses to anti-PD-1 therapy (p < 0.01).

Cite This Study

Zhang et al. (2026) studied this question.

synapsesocial.com/papers/6a192d4afab5b468c4416168https://doi.org/10.1200/jco.2026.44.16_suppl.4127
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