The morbidity of children and the accumulation of chronic non-communicable diseases (NCDs) at an early age determine the future health losses of the population. In the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia), higher child morbidity than the average Russian rates has been previously reported; however, no comprehensive assessment of long-term trends based on preventive examinations has been conducted. Objective. To analyze trends in morbidity, breakdowns by disease, parameters of physical development, and distribution by health groups of the children’s population of the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia) for 2015—2024 based on preventive medical examinations. Results. The prevalence rate increased from 349.8‰ to 467.2‰ (+33.6%), and the incidence rate decreased from 86.2‰ to 52.8‰ (–38.7%). The greatest increase in prevalence rate was observed for diseases of the musculoskeletal system (+193.2%), eyes (+72.2%), digestive tract (+46.4%), and the endocrine system (+22.8%). The proportion of children with normal physical development decreased from 97.0% to 93.3%, with the overweight rate increasing from 1.53% to 3.16%. The percentage of health group I decreased from 67.4% to 25.2%, group II increased from 29.2% to 63.2%, and group III increased from 2.8% to 7.6%. Conclusion. The identified trends indicate an increasing burden of chronic and functional conditions in children, while the discrepancy between the trends in prevalence and incidence rates reflects both the accumulation of already diagnosed cases and the possible influence of organizational factors. The breakdown by disease, with musculoskeletal, eye, and digestive diseases dominant, is consistent with data from other regions and indicates a significant contribution from school-related and behavioral factors.
Grigor’eva et al. (Wed,) studied this question.