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The study aims to determine if LLM-driven micro-behavior can yield stable macro equilibria and its sensitivity to prompt variations.

May 29, 2026Open Access

Prompt Sensitivity in LLM-Based Market Agents

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The study aims to determine if LLM-driven micro-behavior can yield stable macro equilibria and its sensitivity to prompt variations.
Developed hybrid agents using LLMs to analyze market behavior under different prompt conditions.
Conducted experiments to observe the effects of narrative context and brand distinctions on market dynamics.
Implemented statistical analyses including mixed-effects factorial ANOVA and aggregate Wilcoxon tests to evaluate outcomes.
Agent behavior varies significantly based on how brands are described, impacting market shares and equilibrium stability.
Experiments show fluctuations in macro-level outcomes when distinct prompts are applied (e.g., 'practical' vs. 'loyal').
Findings revealed that product differentiation is not essential for stable market structure, suggesting it may arise from cognitive and informational factors.

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Randomized trial assesses how prompt specification impacts macro behavior in LLM-based market agents, suggesting implications for market modeling.

Massimiliano Marinucci (2026) studied this question.

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Randomized trial assesses how prompt specification impacts macro behavior in LLM-based market agents, suggesting implications for market modeling.