Key result
Pulmonary pulse transit time was significantly lower in patients with HIV infection compared to healthy controls (177.1 vs. 215.7 msn, P < 0.001), indicating increased pulmonary arterial stiffness.
Why the study?
Pulmonary arterial hypertension is associated with HIV, and this study investigated whether pulmonary pulse transit time is altered in HIV-positive patients versus healthy controls and associated with right ventricular function indices.
Does HIV infection affect pulmonary pulse transit time and right ventricular function compared to healthy controls?
Case-Control (n=100)
Single-blind
Does HIV infection affect pulmonary pulse transit time and right ventricular function compared to healthy controls?
Pulmonary pulse transit time is significantly shortened in HIV-infected patients, suggesting early pulmonary vascular stiffening before the onset of overt pulmonary hypertension.
Answers are grounded in this paper and cite their sources.
Shortened pulmonary pulse transit time may signal early stiffening in HIV; leaves open its prognostic value or screening role.
Introduction: Pulmonary arterial hypertension and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection is a well-known association. Pulmonary pulse transit time (pPTT) is a recent echocardiographic marker that might be used for evaluation of pulmonary arterial stiffness (PAS) in patients with HIV infection. We aimed to investigate whether pPTT elevated in patients with HIV infection compared to healthy controls and its association with echocardiographic indices of right ventricular functions. Materials and Methods: Fifty HIV (+) patients from infectious disease outpatient clinics and fifty age- and sex-matched HIV (−) healthy volunteers were enrolled in this study. pPTT was measured from pulmonary vein flow velocity as the time interval between the R-wave in the electrocardiography and corresponding peak late systolic was then calculated as the mean from two separate pw-Doppler measurements. Results: pPTT, tricuspid annular peak systolic excursion (TAPSE) and right ventricle fractional area change (FAC) were significantly lower in patients with HIV than control patients (177.1 ± 34.9 vs. 215.7 ± 35.7 msn, P < 0.001; 2.33 ± 0.28 vs. 2.19 ± 0.22, P = 0.039; 45 [4.25] vs. 41.1 [4.0], P = 0.032, respectively). pPTT was positively correlated with FAC, TAPSE and cluster of differentiation 4 count ( r = 0.210; P = 0.036, r = 0.256; P = 0.041, r = 0.304; P = 0.044, respectively). Conclusion: Our study showed that pPTT, TAPSE, and right ventricle FAC levels were lower in patients with HIV infection. pPTT is an important predictor in patients with HIV expected to develop pulmonary vascular pathology.
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Erdöl et al. (2021) conducted a case-control in HIV infection (n=100). HIV infection vs. HIV negative healthy volunteers was evaluated on Pulmonary pulse transit time (pPTT) in msn (p=<0.001). Pulmonary pulse transit time was significantly lower in patients with HIV infection compared to healthy controls (177.1 vs. 215.7 msn, P < 0.001), indicating increased pulmonary arterial stiffness.
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