Why the study?
The study was conducted to clarify the characteristics of patients with myocarditis during respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) infection.
RSV-associated myocarditis can present with severe cardiac complications including conduction system disturbances, myocardial damage, and decreased left-heart function, highlighting the need for cardiac evaluation in severe RSV infections.
May warrant RSV testing in unexplained pediatric myocarditis; hypothesis-generating and leaves incidence and outcomes open to prospective confirmation.
We investigated 22 cases of patients with myocarditis during respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) infection by a questionnaire survey, and performed a literature search to clarify their characteristics. The age distribution was divided into 2 groups, that is, 1 group comprised of patients younger than 4-years old and the other comprised patients older than 15 years. ECG demonstrated disturbance of the conduction system (AV block) in 7 out of 18 patients (38.8%), myocardial damage (ST-T change) in 9 out of 18 patients (50.0%), and tachycardia in 3 out of 18 patients (16.6%). Echocardiography displayed a robust decrease in left-heart function in 12 out of 14 patients. The outcome was 2 deaths, 1 pacemaker placement, 4 patients with mild sequel. Our data suggest that RSV myocarditis caused by RSV infection can be divided into 3 different pathophysiologies, characterized by disturbance of the conduction system, myocardial damage, and increase of autonomy.
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Kawashima et al. (2021) studied this question.
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