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August 12, 1982New England Journal of Medicine

Respiratory Syncytial Viral Infection in Infants with Congenital Heart Disease

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Authors

NMNoni E. MacDonaldDalhousie UniversityCHCaroline Breese HallEast Carolina UniversitySSStephen C. SuffinQuest Diagnostics (United States)

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Implication

Prospective study reveals substantially higher mortality from respiratory syncytial virus in infants with congenital heart disease, highlighting pulmonary hypertension as a critical risk factor.

Key Points

  • To assess the clinical severity, course, and mortality of respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) infection in hospitalized infants with congenital heart disease.
  • Conducted a prospective cohort study of 699 infants hospitalized during winter RSV epidemics from 1976 through 1980.
  • Identified 229 infants with confirmed RSV infection, comparing outcomes between those with congenital heart disease (N=27) and without congenital heart disease (N=202), as well as uninfected cardiac controls (N=46).
  • Infected infants with congenital heart disease experienced significantly higher mortality (37% vs. 1.5%, P < 0.01) and greater need for intensive care and mechanical ventilation than infected infants without heart disease.
  • Nosocomial acquisition occurred in 21% of RSV cases and carried a significantly higher mortality rate in infants with congenital heart disease compared to those without (44% vs. 5%, P < 0.01).
  • Pulmonary hypertension was strongly linked to fatal outcomes, with 73% (8 of 11) of infants with congenital heart disease and pulmonary hypertension dying during RSV infection.

Cite This Study

MacDonald et al. (1982) studied this question.

synapsesocial.com/papers/6a7182d88031ec7bb1dd00bfhttps://doi.org/10.1056/nejm198208123070702
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