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February 1, 2001The Pediatric Infectious Disease Journal

Differing manifestations of respiratory syncytial virus-associated severe lower respiratory tract infections in human immunodeficiency virus type 1-infected and uninfected children

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Authors

SMShabir A. MadhiMVMarietjie VenterAMA. Madhi

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Overview

Prospective study reveals increased severity, pneumonia, and mortality from RSV in HIV-infected infants, indicating heightened vulnerability beyond early infancy.

Key Points

  • To compare the clinical manifestations, severity, and mortality of respiratory syncytial virus-associated lower respiratory tract infections between HIV-infected and uninfected children.
  • Prospective cohort study of children presenting with RSV-associated severe lower respiratory tract infections in Soweto, South Africa, between March 1997 and March 1999 (N=268).
  • RSV was identified via mouse anti-RSV monoclonal fluorescent antibody testing, and viral subgroups were determined using reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction.
  • HIV-infected children were older (median 7.0 vs. 4.0 months, P=0.003) and had significantly higher rates of pneumonia (92.3% vs. 68.6%, P<0.002) and concurrent bacteremia (15.4% vs. 2.6%, P=0.003) than uninfected children.
  • High fever >38°C (32.3% vs. 18.8%, P=0.03) and leukocyte count >15,000/mm³ (41.0% vs. 25.3%, P=0.04) occurred more frequently in HIV-infected children.
  • Case fatality was significantly higher in HIV-infected compared to uninfected children (7.6% vs. 1.7%; RR 4.40, 95% CI 1.02 to 18.92).

Cite This Study

Madhi et al. (2001) studied this question.

synapsesocial.com/papers/6a6fdcabfebe604dd708b118https://doi.org/10.1097/00006454-200102000-00010
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