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This correspondence paper proposes a virtual power plant (VPP)-based pricing control to implement the market-oriented wind/thermal cooperated generation (WTCG) in China. The price is proposed by the grid corporation to VPPs as an incentive to coordinate the outputs of wind farms and coal-fired plants. Taking the real-time price as the decision variable, this market-oriented WTCG is formulated as a constrained optimization problem and is solved by the information fusion algorithm. A case study evaluates the technical, economic, and environmental results under three demand distribution programs. These programs are prioritized according to various viewpoints. Sensitivity analysis reveals the effects of the parameters' variations.
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Xu et al. (2015) studied this question.
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