Key result
High pulse pressure (>60 mmHg) was associated with significantly reduced peak oxygen consumption (19.4 vs 22.1 mL/kg/min) and impaired cardiopulmonary ability compared to low pulse pressure in older Chinese patients with primary hypertension.
Why the study?
Information regarding reference values for cardiopulmonary exercise testing variables in patients with primary hypertension was limited.
Does high pulse pressure decrease cardiopulmonary ability in older Chinese patients with primary hypertension?
Cohort (n=635)
No
Does high pulse pressure decrease cardiopulmonary ability in older Chinese patients with primary hypertension?
Absolute Event Rate: 19.4% vs 22.1%
p-value: p=< 0.001
High pulse pressure is associated with impaired cardiopulmonary ability and reduced anaerobic exercise capacity in older Chinese patients with primary hypertension.
High pulse pressure warrants no practice change yet; leaves open its role as a modifiable target for cardiopulmonary fitness in older hypertensives.
There is limited information regarding the reference values for cardiopulmonary exercise testing (CPX) variables in patients with primary hypertension. Our aim was to provide such values. In this single-center, retrospective study, we included 635 patients (male, 53.7%; mean ± standard deviation age, 62.1 ± 12.6 years) who completed maximal ramp incremental CPX using cycle ergometry at the Rui An Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine from August 1, 2018, to December 31, 2021. The patients were classified into two groups based on pulse pressure (PP): (1) patients with a low PP ≤ 60 mmHg (n = 324) and (2) patients with a high PP > 60 mmHg (n = 311). Stepwise linear regression was used to fit the equations of the key CPX variables. CPX was self-interrupted owing to fatigue by 64.5% (low PP) and 72.0% (high PP) of patients (χ2 analysis, P = 0.05). The anaerobic threshold (AT) could not be determined in 3.7% and 7.7%, respectively (χ2 analysis, P = 0.038). Peak oxygen consumption (VO2), carbon dioxide production, ventilation/minute, work rate, and VO2 at the AT were associated with age, weight, and sex. Moreover, a high PP was associated with impaired anaerobic exercise ability, as indicated by the reduced peak VO2, peak VE, and absolute peak work rate. Compared with prior research of a healthy population, patients with primary hypertension in this study exhibited impaired cardiopulmonary ability both at rest and during exercise, especially in the high PP group. The reference values and predictive equations for CPX variables provide a framework for interpreting the response to maximal ramp incremental cycle ergometry among older Chinese patients with primary hypertension.
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Jin et al. (2022) conducted a cohort in Primary hypertension (n=635). High pulse pressure (> 60 mmHg) vs. Low pulse pressure (≤ 60 mmHg) was evaluated on Peak VO2 (mL/kg/minute) (p=< 0.001). High pulse pressure (>60 mmHg) was associated with significantly reduced peak oxygen consumption (19.4 vs 22.1 mL/kg/min) and impaired cardiopulmonary ability compared to low pulse pressure in older Chinese patients with primary hypertension.
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