Formal Education in Leadership and Management for the Practicing Clinician

As clinicians progress in their careers, they are often tasked with projects and responsibilities that require additional education, knowledge, and training in leadership and management. In the past, they were expected to pick up these skills along the way; current expectations, however, are different. Today, several avenues are available to clinicians to acquire and refine these competencies. This narrative review provides a structured overview of the education and training available-both with and without formal credentials-and outlines potential opportunities and pathways for developing leadership and management skills, particularly among critical care physicians.