Adjuvant chemotherapy with doxorubicin did not significantly increase the proportion of women with LVEF <50% at 5 to 8 years compared to non-doxorubicin regimens (5% vs 7%; P=0.68).
Cohort (n=180)
Yes
Does adjuvant chemotherapy with doxorubicin increase the likelihood of late adverse cardiac effects (LVEF <50%) in breast cancer survivors compared to chemotherapy without doxorubicin?
In a selected sample of breast cancer survivors with up to 13 years of follow-up, exposure to doxorubicin did not significantly increase the likelihood of late adverse cardiac effects such as LVEF <50%.
Absolute Event Rate: 5% vs 7%
p-value: p=.68
PURPOSE: The late cardiac effects of adjuvant anthracycline therapy in survivors of early-stage breast cancer have had limited study. Subclinical and clinical cardiac late effects may contribute to added comorbidity over time. PATIENTS AND METHODS: We recruited patients treated on Southwest Oncology Group (SWOG) protocol S8897 who had been randomly assigned to adjuvant chemotherapy with or without doxorubicin. Left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) was evaluated at 5 to 8 years and 10 to 13 years after treatment randomization. Cardiac risk factors and events were reported by clinicians annually between the two assessments. RESULTS: A total of 180 breast cancer survivors from a potential sample of 1,176 patients were entered, 163 patients at 5 to 8 years and 17 additional patients at 10 to 13 years, with 93 longitudinal assessments of LVEF. There was no significant difference in the proportion of women with an LVEF less than 50% at 5 to 8 (cyclophosphamide, doxorubicin, and fluorouracil CAF v cyclophosphamide, methotrexate, and fluorouracil CMF: 5% v 7%; P = .68) or 10 to 13 years (CAF v CMF: 3% v 0%; P = .16); however, in an exploratory analysis, the mean LVEF in the doxorubicin group was statistically significantly lower in the 5- to 8-year sample (64.8% v 61.4%; P = .01) but not in the 10- to 13-year sample. In the longitudinal analysis, there was no significant deterioration in LVEF. CONCLUSION: Women enrolled onto an adjuvant chemotherapy treatment clinical trial for breast cancer were successfully recruited to participate in a research study of the late effects of treatment, although many SWOG institutions and potentially eligible patients chose not to participate. In this selected sample, with up to 13 years of follow-up, exposure to doxorubicin did not increase the likelihood of adverse cardiac effects.
Ganz et al. (Tue,) conducted a cohort in Early-stage breast cancer (n=180). Adjuvant chemotherapy with doxorubicin (CAF) vs. Adjuvant chemotherapy without doxorubicin (CMF) was evaluated on LVEF less than 50% at 5 to 8 years (p=.68). Adjuvant chemotherapy with doxorubicin did not significantly increase the proportion of women with LVEF <50% at 5 to 8 years compared to non-doxorubicin regimens (5% vs 7%; P=0.68).