Key result
Patients with chronic kidney disease demonstrated significantly elevated levels of inflammatory markers, including C-reactive protein (28.20 vs 7.93 mg/L), compared to healthy controls.
Why the study?
Chronic kidney disease carries increased cardiovascular disease risk mediated mostly by endothelial dysfunction rather than traditional risk factors, prompting evaluation of cardiovascular risk and determinants of endothelial dysfunction.
Are inflammatory markers and determinants of endothelial dysfunction elevated in patients with chronic kidney disease compared to healthy controls?
Cross-Sectional (n=180)
No
Are inflammatory markers and determinants of endothelial dysfunction elevated in patients with chronic kidney disease compared to healthy controls?
Inflammatory markers and surrogate markers of endothelial dysfunction are significantly elevated in young patients with chronic kidney disease compared to healthy controls, highlighting increased cardiovascular risk not captured by traditional risk factors.
Supports elevated CV risk in young CKD; hypothesis-generating for inflammation-targeted trials.
Background and objective Chronic kidney disease (CKD) comprises a spectrum of pathophysiologic processes with increased cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk mediated mostly by endothelial dysfunction other than traditional risk factors. The present study is carried out to see the cardiovascular risk in CKD patients with special reference to the determinants of endothelial dysfunction. Materials and methods We enrolled 60 CKD patients along with 120 healthy controls in the age group 18-50 years belonging to the same ethnicity and localities. Demographic and clinico-laboratory information including markers of endothelial dysfunction were recorded followed by univariate and multivariate analyses to assess the relationship between CKD and CVD risk. Results Cases comprised of 60 CKD patients (mean age = 38.47±8.56 years) including 35 (58%) females and 25 (42%) males. Etiology in 43% of cases was idiopathically followed by diabetes and hypertension (42%) and obstructive uropathy (13%). On comparing the means of inflammatory markers between cases and controls, calcium phosphate product, c-reactive protein (CRP), erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR), and neutrophil: lymphocyte (N:L) ratio was found to be significantly higher (p < 0.05) in cases as compared to controls but carotid intima-media thickness (CIMT) and low-density cholesterol (LDL) did not show a significant difference (p < 0.05). Conclusion Our study showed uniformly higher levels of inflammatory markers in cases irrespective of age and gender except for LDL and CIMT which uniquely showed a positive correlation with age. CKD patients require appropriate treatment and preventive measures for CVD with a high index of suspicion as endothelial dysfunction cannot be adequately gauged by traditional risk scoring methods.
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Das et al. (2022) conducted a cross-sectional in Chronic Kidney Disease (n=180). Chronic Kidney Disease vs. Healthy controls was evaluated on C-reactive protein (CRP) level (mg/L) (p=<0.001). Patients with chronic kidney disease demonstrated significantly elevated levels of inflammatory markers, including C-reactive protein (28.20 vs 7.93 mg/L), compared to healthy controls.
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