During the last twenty years a large amount of money has been invested in high energy particle accelerators, both in Europe and America. (The amount is 'large' by the standards of pure and academic research; in comparison with sums allotted to non-starter pseudo-military projects, or even supplementary subsidies for beef farmers, it is quite modest.) For some time the yield of new knowledge was rather thin.
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P.G. Murphy (1966) studied this question.