The X type zeolites containing alkali ions in excess of ion exchange capacity exhibited high catalytic activity for 1-butene isomerization; the reaction proceeded at 273 K. Temperature programed desorption (TPD) of adsorbed CO2 confirmed that strongly basic sites were generated by addition of alkali ions. Alkali metal oxides formed in the zeolite cavities are considered to possess strongly basic sites and to act as the catalytic sites.
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Tsuji et al. (1991) studied this question.
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