Metabolic syndrome, large waist, and elevated BP were associated with worse pulse wave velocity over 5 years in youth with type 1 diabetes, with PWV increasing by 0.145 m/s/year (P<0.0001).
Cohort (n=298)
Are cardiovascular risk factors and metabolic syndrome associated with increased arterial stiffness over time in youth with type 1 diabetes?
In youth with type 1 diabetes, the presence and worsening of cardiovascular risk factors, particularly metabolic syndrome, large waist circumference, and elevated blood pressure, are associated with increased arterial stiffness over time.
Effect estimate: 0.145 m/s/year
p-value: p=< 0.0001
OBJECTIVE: To evaluate if presence of cardiovascular (CV) risk factors and their clustering as metabolic syndrome (MetS) is associated with increased arterial stiffness and accelerated progression over time among youth with type 1 diabetes. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS: Longitudinal study of 298 youth with type 1 diabetes (age 14.5 years; 46.3% female; duration 4.8 years), with two research visits conducted 5 years apart. CV factors included: waist circumference, blood pressure (BP), fasting lipids (HDL cholesterol, LDL cholesterol LDL-c, triglycerides), albumin/creatinine ratio, and HbA1c. MetS was based on Adult Treatment Panel III criteria modified for youth. Pulse wave velocity (PWV) in the carotid-femoral segment was measured by tonometry. Mixed models were used to assess the rate of progression in PWV and the association between CV factors and PWV over time. RESULTS: PWV increased significantly over time (0.145 m/s/year; P < 0.0001). MetS (P = 0.0035), large waist (P < 0.0001), and elevated BP (P = 0.0003) at baseline were each associated with worse PWV over time. These baseline factors, however, did not significantly influence the rate of progression. Increases in waist circumference (P < 0.0001), LDL-c levels (P = 0.0156), and declining glucose control (HbA1c; P = 0.0419) were independently associated with higher PWV over time. CONCLUSIONS: Presence, clustering, and worsening of CV risk factors are associated with increased arterial stiffness over time in youth with type 1 diabetes. Whether improvement in CV risk factors early in life will slow the progression of arterial stiffness and reduce the burden of CV disease in this population requires further study.
Dabelea et al. (Tue,) conducted a cohort in Type 1 diabetes (n=298). Cardiovascular risk factors and metabolic syndrome was evaluated on Pulse wave velocity (PWV) in the carotid-femoral segment (0.145 m/s/year, p=< 0.0001). Metabolic syndrome, large waist, and elevated BP were associated with worse pulse wave velocity over 5 years in youth with type 1 diabetes, with PWV increasing by 0.145 m/s/year (P<0.0001).
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