Methodological review reveals challenges in calculating returned electronics across global supply systems, suggesting improved estimation models to optimize reverse logistics.
Industrial ecology requires life cycle planning and implementation. In order to replace product disposal with product take-back, reverse logistics networks and product take-back centers must be set up. Product take-back can be for reuse (repair, upgrade, and resale), recycling, or disposal. This paper focuses on the challenges in estimating product take-back levels. Current product take-back activities around the world are summarized. Product take-back cycles are defined and an improved product take-back estimation framework is proposed.
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Stuart et al. (1998) studied this question.
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