Analysis of Heart-Rate Variability during Angioedema Attacks in Patients with Hereditary C1-Inhibitor Deficiency

Figures

• 

  Figure 1. Pooled time- and frequency-domain heart-rate variability (HRV) markers in all patients (n = 3). Bar graphs show RR mean (μRR), RR variance (σ2RR), and the absolute (HFaRR) and normalized (HFnuRR) power in the high-frequency (HF) band. Data in the 4 h preceding (PRE) and the first 4 h following the onset of the hereditary angioedema (HAE) attack (ONGOING) were pooled together on the day of the attack (Day_Attack, white bars) and compared with data during the same phase of the circadian rhythm on the day before (Day_BEFORE_Attack, black bars). Data are relevant to all patients and presented as mean ± standard deviation. Symbol # indicates p < 0.05 Day_Attack vs. Day_BEFORE_Attack.

• 

  Figure 2. Pooled time- and frequency-domain HRV markers in Patients 1, 2 and 3. Bar graphs show RR mean (μRR), RR variance (σ2RR), and absolute (HFaRR) and normalized (HFnuRR) power in the HF band. Hour-by-hour data in the 4 h preceding (PRE) and in the first 4 h following the onset of the HAE attack (ONGOING) were pooled together on the day of the attack (Day_Attack, white bars) and compared with data during the same phase of the circadian rhythm on the day before (Day_BEFORE_Attack, black bars). Data pertain to Patient 1 (upper panels), Patient 2 (middle panels), and Patient 3 (lower panels), and are presented as mean ± standard deviation. Symbol # indicates p < 0.05 Day_Attack vs. Day_BEFORE_Attack and the symbol * indicates p < 0.05 PRE vs. ONGOING.

• 

  Figure 3. Temporal evolution of time- and frequency-domain HRV markers in all patients. Bar graphs show RR mean (μRR), RR variance (σ2RR), and absolute (HFaRR) and normalized (HFnuRR) power in the HF band in all patients. Indices were calculated hour-by-hour in the 4 h preceding (PRE) and the first 4 h following the onset of the HAE attack (ONGOING) on the day of the attack (Day_Attack, white bars), and compared to data during the same circadian phase on the day before (Day_BEFORE_Attack, black bars). Results shown as mean ± standard deviation.

• 

  Figure 4. Temporal evolution of time and frequency domain HRV markers in Patients 1, 2 and 3. Bar graphs show the RR mean (μRR), RR variance (σ2RR), and the absolute (HFaRR) and normalized (HFnuRR) power in the HF band in Patient 1 (upper panels), Patient 2 (middle panels), and Patient 3 (lower panels). Indices were calculated hour-by-hour in the 4 h preceding (PRE) and the first 4 h following the onset of the HAE attack (ONGOING) on the day of the attack (Day_Attack, white bars) and compared to data during the same circadian phase on the day before (Day_BEFORE_Attack, black bars). Results are shown as mean ± standard deviation.