Combination therapy with aliskiren versus ramipril or losartan added to conventional therapy in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus, uncontrolled hypertension and microalbuminuria

HYPOTHESIS/INTRODUCTION: The aim of this study was to assess the antihypertensive efficacy and safety of aliskiren versus ramipril or losartan in hypertensive patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus, microalbuminuria and uncontrolled hypertension, despite the use of optimal conventional antihypertensive therapy. MATERIALS AND METHODS: In this open-label active comparator study, 126 patients were randomly assigned to receive 24 weeks of additional therapy with aliskiren (Group A) or either losartan or ramipril (Group B), according to whether a patient was already treated with an angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor or an angiotensin receptor blocker, respectively. RESULTS: After 24 weeks, both treatment groups experienced a significant reduction of systolic blood pressure (-11.37% and -8.47%, respectively; both p <0.001 vs. baseline) and diastolic blood pressure levels (-10.67% and -9.28%, respectively; both p <0.001 vs. baseline), with a greater reduction of mean systolic values in Group A compared with Group B (p <0.001). Furthermore, after six months microalbuminuria was significantly decreased in both treatment groups (-67.62% and -49.1%, respectively; both p <0.001), with a reduction rate in Group A significantly higher than in Group B (p<0.001). CONCLUSIONS: The addition of aliskiren to optimal conventional therapy provided a higher reduction of blood pressure and urinary albumin excretion when compared with the addition of losartan or ramipril.