Key result
An integrated multiscale computational fluid dynamics model successfully reproduced significant hemodynamic indicators and flow patterns of the human heart in physiological and pathological conditions.
An integrated multiscale CFD model successfully simulates heart hemodynamics in physiological and pathological conditions, providing a computational tool to quantitatively assess cardiac function.
May facilitate in silico cardiac assessment; leaves open prospective clinical validation before any practice change.
We introduce a CFD model for the numerical simulation of the heart hemodynamics in both physiological and pathological conditions, by accounting for all the physical processes that influence cardiac flows: moving domain and interaction with electromechanics, transitionalturbulent flows, cardiac valves and coupling with the external circulation. To impose a physiological displacement of the domain boundary, we employ a 3D ventricular electromechanical model coupled to a lumped-parameter (0D) closed-loop model of the circulation and the remaining cardiac chambers. To extend the ventricular motion to the endocardium of the remaining heart, we introduce a novel preprocessing procedure that combines an harmonic extension of the electromechanical displacement with the motion of the atria based on the 0D model. We thus obtain a one-way coupled electromechanics-fluid dynamics model in the ventricle(s). To better match the 3D CFD with blood circulation, we also couple the 3D CFD model to the 0D circulation model. We obtain a multiscale coupled 3D-0D fluid dynamics model that we solve via a segregated numerical scheme. We carry out numerical simulations for a healthy heart and we validate our model by showing that significant hemodynamic indicators are correctly reproduced.
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Zingaro et al. (2022) studied Cardiac hemodynamics and mitral valve regurgitation. Integrated multiscale CFD model (3D-0D fluid dynamics model) was evaluated on Hemodynamic indicators and flow patterns. An integrated multiscale computational fluid dynamics model successfully reproduced significant hemodynamic indicators and flow patterns of the human heart in physiological and pathological conditions.
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