July 1, 2024Open Access

Correlation between perivascular adipose tissue surrounding coronary arteries measured on coronary artery CT Angiography and the presence and severity of CAD

Q: What is the clinical evidence from this study?

Study design: Cross-Sectional. Population: Coronary Artery Disease (CAD) (n=160). Intervention: Peri-coronary adipose tissue volume (V-PCAT) measurement via CCTA vs. Non-CAD patients. Primary outcome: Presence of CAD (OR 1.824, 95% CI 1.422-2.340, p=<0.001).

Key Result

Higher peri-coronary adipose tissue volume measured via CCTA was independently associated with the presence of coronary artery disease (OR 1.824).

Study Design

Type

Cross-Sectional (n=160)

Multicenter

Structured PICO

Does peri-coronary adipose tissue volume (V-PCAT) measured via CCTA correlate with the presence and severity of coronary artery disease in patients with suspected CAD?

Population

160 individuals with suspected coronary artery disease (CAD) who underwent coronary artery CT angiography (CCTA), including 100 patients with CAD (mean age 63.57, 57.0% male) and 60 without CAD (mean age 62.88, 48.3% male). Exclusions: history of myocardial revascularization or old myocardial infarction, heart failure, severe arrhythmia, thyroid disease, chronic liver or kidney disease, inflammatory disease, or malignant tumor.

Intervention

Measurement of peri-coronary adipose tissue volume (V-PCAT) and epicardial adipose tissue volume (V-EAT) via coronary artery CT angiography (CCTA)

Comparator

Patients without CAD (for presence of CAD) or varying degrees of CAD severity (mild, moderate, severe) based on invasive coronary angiography

Outcome

Presence of coronary artery disease (CAD) defined as ≥50% stenosis on invasive coronary angiographysurrogate

Peri-coronary adipose tissue volume (V-PCAT) measured by routine CCTA is an independent risk determinant for CAD and correlates significantly with the severity of coronary artery stenosis.

Main Result

Effect estimate: OR 1.824 (95% CI 1.422-2.340)

p-value: p=<0.001

Limitations

Single-center, retrospective study with a relatively small sample size
Cross-sectional study design cannot establish causal relationship
Influence of different image acquisition parameters and CT scanners on PCAT quantification requires further investigation

Abstract

Background:The aim of this study was to explore the relationship between pericoronary adipose tissue volume (V-PCAT), as assessed via coronary artery CT angiography (CCTA), and the presence and severity of coronary artery disease (CAD). Materials and Methods:A retrospective analysis was conducted on 160 individuals with suspected CAD who underwent CCTA from June 2020 to December 2021.Quantification of both epicardial adipose tissue volume (V-EAT) and V-PCAT was performed.Clinical data, lipid metrics, and differences in adipose tissue volume between CAD and non-CAD groups were assessed.Variables influencing CAD were analyzed using univariate and multivariate logistic regression.The diagnostic accuracy of adipose tissue volume in predicting CAD was determined through receiver operating characteristic curves.The association between adipose tissue volume and coronary artery stenosis severity was investigated.Results: The analysis included 100 patients with CAD and 60 without CAD.V-EAT and V-PCAT were notably higher in the CAD group than the without CAD group.After adjustments for confounding factors, V-EAT and V-PCAT showed a positive association with CAD.The area under the curve of V-PCAT was 0.875.Conclusions: V-PCAT, measured via CCTA was substantial associated with CAD while serving as an independent risk determinant.Additionally, V-PCAT, notably correlated with the severity of coronary artery stenosis.

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