The alterations of taste and smell in smokers

Introduction: Alterations in taste and smell due to tobacco smoke are considered side effects. The combustion of a cigarette produces a mixture of chemicals, including known carcinogens and nicotine, which cause damage to the structures involved. Smoking is also associated with a higher rate of oral cavity infections, resulting from oxidative stress and inflammatory responses. This literature review aims to investigate the correlations between cigarette smoking and taste and smell dysfunctions. Methods: A total of 360 English-language articles based on studies conducted on humans were considered to perform a narrative review. Results: The examined studies suggest a correlation between tobacco consumption and alterations in the perception of taste and smell. Smokers appear to have a different perception of nicotine compared to non-smokers, with a possible habituation to its bitter taste. Furthermore, smoking cessation can lead to an improvement in taste and smell perception. Smoking cessation is essential to improve the quality of life and reduce tobacco-related disease risks.