When is virtual virtuous?

Contends that ‘the virtues of being virtual have been oversold’, particularly regarding organization for innovation. Posits that managers need to consider other factors relevant to a virtual organization's ability to innovate — such as different forms of innovation and knowledge, these are: autonomous and systemic innovation; and codified and tacit knowledge. Recounts that companies like Intel and Microsoft have made extensive investments to continually develop their capabilities — arguing only large companies have the scale and scope to co‐ordinate complementary innovations