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June 3, 2026Journal of Dairy ScienceOpen Access

Heat stress as a multilevel disruptor of gamete function and early embryo development in cattle

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Authors

BCBriza CastroUniversity of Wisconsin–MadisonFSFroylan SosaUniversity of Wisconsin–MadisonMOM. Sofia OrtegaUniversity of Wisconsin–Madison

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Overview

Review integrates evidence on heat stress disrupting reproduction in cattle, suggesting implications for fertility resilience.

Key Points

  • This review aims to evaluate how heat stress affects gamete function and early embryo development in cattle by analyzing systemic and molecular mechanisms.
  • Review of existing literature on the effects of heat stress on reproductive physiology in cattle.
  • Integration of cellular and molecular evidence on gamete and embryo response to elevated temperatures.
  • Discussion of mechanisms involved in disrupted fertility and potential strategies for resilience.
  • Heat stress compromises oocyte competence due to disrupted signaling and oxidative stress (no quantitative data provided).
  • In males, elevated temperatures impair sperm integrity, motility, and fertilization capabilities over time, often undetected in routine evaluations.
  • Early embryos show increased risk of mitochondrial dysfunction and oxidative stress, impacting viability before they can adapt to heat stress.

Cite This Study

Castro et al. (2026) studied this question.

synapsesocial.com/papers/6a1fc4e4dee9eb8c0dce657fhttps://doi.org/10.3168/jds.2026-28382
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Also Consider

Synapse has enriched 5 closely related papers on similar clinical questions. Consider them for comparative context:

  1. 1Six things to know about how heat stress compromises fertility of the cow (and probably other mammals as well)2026
  2. 2Impact of heat stress on female reproduction in farm animals: challenges and possible remedies2024 · 3 citations
  3. 3Toxicological implications of climate change for reproductive function in livestock2026 · 1 citations
  4. 4Heat-Stress Impacts on Developing Bovine Oocytes: Unraveling Epigenetic Changes, Oxidative Stress, and Developmental Resilience2024 · 40 citations
  5. 5Reproductive Challenges in Ruminants Under Heat Stress: A Review of Follicular, Oocyte, and Embryonic Responses2025