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Probiotics, live microorganisms with scientifically proven health benefits beyond basic nutrition, play a crucial role in disease prevention and management. They exert their therapeutic effects through multiple mechanisms, including competitive inhibition of pathogens, production of antimicrobial compounds, immune modulation, and maintenance of intestinal barrier integrity. This review provides a comprehensive analysis of the role of probiotics in managing gastrointestinal infections, particularly in the context of gastric acidity, inflammatory disorders, and microbial infections. Additionally, it explores the efficacy, safety, and challenges in standardizing probiotic formulations, highlighting the necessity of well-defined strains, optimal dosages, and regulatory compliance to ensure consistent therapeutic outcomes. Understanding these aspects will facilitate the development of evidence-based probiotic interventions for gastrointestinal health.
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Sharma et al. (2025) studied this question.
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