Performance of First-Line Management Functions on Productivity of Hospital Unit Personnel

Eight management functions influence the productivity of unit personnel differently. Although leadership of the first-line manager is the primary driving force, time and effort expended in operations detract from this unit output. Better use of second-line managers is a choice strategy to enhance productivity. Benner's model of professional development, in combination with the creation of a first-second line shared leadership operational framework, is recommended, with follow-up evaluations on unit productivity effect.