The wireless system with four coil resonators is a popular configuration for mid-range wireless power transfer (WPT) via magnetic resonance coupling. The design parameters of four coils have strong impact on efficiency, bandwidth, and transfer distance of the WPT system. In this work, a comprehensive study on effects of coil shapes is conducted. In particular, helix coils, planar spiral coils, and square helix coils are studied. It is shown that the helix coils offer the best performance (e.g. the highest efficiency, the widest bandwidth, and the longest transfer distance) under optimal load whereas the planar spiral coils exhibit the worst performance among these three types of coils. Nevertheless, the performance of the WPT system with helix coils degrades more rapidly than these with other two types of coils when the distance between the transmitting and receiving coils increases.
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Shi et al. (2014) studied this question.
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