Key result
Heart failure affects ~32% of sarcopenia patients and their coexistence increases all-cause mortality.
Why the study?
The prevalence of heart failure in patients with sarcopenia and the prognosis of this association remain unclear.
Systematic Review (n=20,724)
Effect estimate: 32% (95% CI 0.07-0.61)
p-value: p=<0.001
Heart failure is highly prevalent (approximately 32%) among patients with sarcopenia, and the coexistence of both conditions significantly increases the risk of all-cause mortality.
Supports HF screening in sarcopenia due to high mortality; leaves open whether interventions targeting either condition improve outcomes.
BACKGROUND: The prevalence of sarcopenia and heart failure (HF) is estimated to be between 8%-34% and 3%-11.8%, respectively. The prevalence of HF in patients with sarcopenia and the prognosis of this association remain unclear. METHODS: A systematic review was conducted across MEDLINE/PubMed, Embase, CENTRAL, SciELO, and CINAHL databases, with manual searches in Google Scholar and grey literature. Meta-analysis was performed on the gathered results to assess the prevalence of HF in patients with sarcopenia, estimate phenotypes related to left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF), and evaluate the associated mortality risk. RESULTS: Out of 7,080 studies, 16 were selected. In patients with sarcopenia, HF prevalence was 32% (95% CI 0.07-0.61, p<0.001, I²=100%). Patients with both conditions showed 45.9% (95% confidence interval [CI], 0.34-0.58; p<0.001, I²=90.69%) with reduced LVEF, 10.3% (95% CI, 0.00-0.29; p<0.001, I²=99%) with mildly reduced LVEF, and 29.1% (95% CI, 0.14-0.45; p<0.001, I²=99%) having preserved LVEF. CONCLUSION: HF is highly prevalent in patients with sarcopenia and increases mortality risk.
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Campos et al. (2025) conducted a systematic review in Sarcopenia and Heart Failure (n=20,724). Sarcopenia was evaluated on Heart failure prevalence (32%, 95% CI 0.07-0.61, p=<0.001). Heart failure is highly prevalent in patients with sarcopenia, affecting 32% of this population, and the coexistence of both conditions significantly increases the risk of all-cause mortality.
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