Key result
During the first 8 hours of acute myocardial infarction, sE-selectin levels were higher compared to controls with stable angina, whereas sICAM-1 levels did not differ significantly between groups.
Case-Control (n=30)
Plasma levels of sE-selectin and sICAM-1 increase during the first 8 hours of acute myocardial infarction, with sE-selectin potentially serving as a marker of endothelial activation that inversely correlates with myocardial damage.
Previous studies have shown that adhesion molecules play a crucial role in leukocyte-endothelium interactions that occur during myocardial ischemia and reperfusion. We assessed the plasma levels of the soluble form of E-selectin (sE-selectin) and intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (sICAM-1) in 15 patients with acute myocardial infarction (AMI) and in 15 controls with chronic stable angina. In patients with AMI, the levels of sE-selectin and sICAM-1 increased significantly during the first 8 h after infarction and subsequently decreased. Soluble E-selectin levels were inversely related to the peak plasma levels of creatine kinase-MB (CK-MB), and the time course of their appearance in plasma correlated with that of neutrophil count and plasma D-dimer. In individual patients, peak and mean sICAM-1 levels correlated respectively with plasma D-dimer concentrations and monocyte count, but no correlation were found when their time courses were analyzed. Eight hours after symptom onset, the mean plasma sE-selectin levels were higher in patients with AMI than in those with stable angina, whereas no significant differences were found in mean plasma sICAM-1 levels between the two groups at every time analyzed. In the acute phase of MI (a) sE-selectin and sICAM-1 levels increase during the first 8 h and subsequently decrease; (b) the increase in sE-selectin probably reflects activation of endothelial cells, correlates with other inflammatory and coagulation parameters, and is inversely related to the degree of myocardial damage; and (c) sICAM-1 plasma levels do not represent a good marker of "cell activation" because they reflect activation of different cells and may be affected by different conditions.
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Pellegatta et al. (1997) conducted a case-control in Acute Myocardial Infarction (n=30). Acute myocardial infarction vs. Chronic stable angina was evaluated on Plasma levels of sE-selectin and sICAM-1. During the first 8 hours of acute myocardial infarction, sE-selectin levels were higher compared to controls with stable angina, whereas sICAM-1 levels did not differ significantly between groups.
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