A novel CCII-based high impedance input stage for ECG systems successfully increases input impedance to ~50 MΩ and demonstrates robustness against electrode mismatch and battery discharge in simulations.
Simulation results for high-impedance ECG inputs warrant clinical caution; hypothesis-generating for bioamplifier hardware development.
An integrated current mode high impedance input stage designed for Electrocardiography (ECG) systems (or low frequency general applications) is presented. This feature becomes necessary when a two-electrodes ECG apparatus is used (e.g., in fetal ECG or heart monitoring in extreme sports) and a good response of the system to common mode signals is required. The proposed input stage, based on a bootstrap topology that simultaneously increases the ECG electrodes input impedance (from 5 ÷ 50 kΩ to about 50 MΩ) and amplifies the applied signal, is implemented by using a configuration that employs only two second generation current conveyors for each electrode. Post-layout simulations have proved that the proposed system is quite not sensible to electrodes mismatch and battery discharge.
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Ferri et al. (2011) studied this question.
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