Key result
Exercise initiates adaptive cardioprotective responses and preconditioning through various cellular and molecular mechanisms, though the specific triggering factors require further study.
Why the study?
What are the cellular and molecular mechanisms responsible for exercise preconditioning in the heart?
What are the cellular and molecular mechanisms responsible for exercise preconditioning in the heart?
This review highlights the emerging paradigms and cellular factors responsible for triggering adaptive cardioprotective responses during exercise.
Answers are grounded in this paper and cite their sources.
Informs exercise-based cardioprotection strategies; leaves open identification of specific triggering factors.
Numerous epidemiological studies suggest that individuals who exercise have decreased cardiac morbidity and mortality. Pre-clinical studies in animal models also find clear cardioprotective phenotypes in animals that exercise, specifically characterized by lower myocardial infarction and arrhythmia. Despite the clear benefits, the underlying cellular and molecular mechanisms that are responsible for exercise preconditioning are not fully understood. In particular, the adaptive signaling events that occur during exercise to "trigger" cardioprotection represent emerging paradigms. In this review, we discuss recent studies that have identified several different factors that appear to initiate exercise preconditioning. We summarize the evidence for and against specific cellular factors in triggering exercise adaptations and identify areas for future study.
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Alleman et al. (2014) conducted a review in Cardiac morbidity and mortality. Exercise was evaluated. Exercise initiates adaptive cardioprotective responses and preconditioning through various cellular and molecular mechanisms, though the specific triggering factors require further study.
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