Hydrogen peroxide (H₂O₂) has been shown to be an important mediator of ischemic and toxic tubular damage. The purpose of this study was to identify the mode of cell death observed in H₂O₂-exposed cultures of mouse terminal proximal straight tubule (S₃) cells. H₂O₂ induced a dose- and time-dependent decrease in viability of S₃ cells. Morphologically, S₃ cells exposed to H₂O₂ (0.05–0.1 mM) showed features of necrosis, apoptosis, oncosis and apoptotic oncosis, whereas necrosis occurred most frequently in every experimental condition tested. On the other hand, agarose gel electrophoresis of DNA extracted from S₃ cells exposed to H₂O₂ revealed a typical DNA ladder pattern. These data suggest that H₂O₂-induced proximal tubule damages are associated with the induction of various modes of cell death including necrosis, apoptosis, oncosis and apoptotic oncosis, and with the activation of endonuclease.
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Takeda et al. (1999) studied this question.