Key result
In men, the PCSK5 rs1029035 C allele was associated with lower serum HDL-C concentrations, an effect present only when dietary polyunsaturated fatty acid intake was low (interaction p=0.001).
Why the study?
Does dietary PUFA intake modify the association between PCSK5 genetic variation and HDL-C concentrations in adults and children?
Observational (n=5,753)
Does dietary PUFA intake modify the association between PCSK5 genetic variation and HDL-C concentrations in adults and children?
p-value: p=7x10(-4)
High dietary PUFA intake may mitigate the deleterious effects of the PCSK5 rs1029035 C allele on HDL-C concentrations in men.
May support gene-diet interaction on HDL-C in men; leaves open causal effects and clinical utility pending prospective trials.
BACKGROUND: A low serum level of high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) is a risk factor for cardiovascular disease. Proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 5 (PCSK5) modulates HDL-C metabolism through the inactivation of endothelial lipase activity. METHODS: Therefore, we analysed the effects of PCSK5 on HDL-C and investigated the association between genetic variation in PCSK5 and dietary polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) intakes in Korean adults and children. This population-based study which was conducted in South Korea included 4205 adults (43% male) aged 40-69 years and 1548 children (48.6% boys) aged 8-13 years. Dietary intake was assessed using a semiquantitative food frequency questionnaire in adults and modified 3-day food records in children. RESULTS: After adjustments for age and body mass index, we identified a significant association between SNP rs1029035 of the PCSK5 gene and HDL-C concentrations specifically for men in both populations (adults, p=0.004; children, p=0.003; meta, p=7×10(-4)). Additionally, the interaction between the PCSK5 rs1029035 genotype and dietary polyunsaturated fatty acids intake influenced serum HDL-C concentrations in men (adults, p=0.001; children, p=0.008). The deleterious effect of the C allele on serum HDL-C was present only when dietary PUFA intake was less than the dichotomised median level (adults, p=0.011; children, p=0.001). Serum HDL-C concentrations were decreased in men with the C allele genotype and low consumption of dietary PUFA including n-3 and n-6. CONCLUSION: According to these results, men carrying of the C allele were associated with low HDL-C concentrations and might exert beneficial effects on HDL-C concentrations following consumption of a high-PUFA diet.
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Jang et al. (2014) reported an observational. PCSK5 rs1029035 C allele and low dietary PUFA intake vs. Non-C allele carriers or high dietary PUFA intake was evaluated on Serum HDL-C concentrations (p=7x10(-4)). In men, the PCSK5 rs1029035 C allele was associated with lower serum HDL-C concentrations, an effect present only when dietary polyunsaturated fatty acid intake was low (interaction p=0.001).
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