Key result
Sprint training status was associated with a higher Amax/NAmax ratio after supramaximal exercise compared to untrained subjects (0.7 vs 0.3, p<0.05), indicating greater adrenal medulla responsiveness.
Why the study?
Does sprint training alter adrenal medullar responsiveness to sympathetic nervous activity during supramaximal exercise compared to untrained subjects?
Cross-Sectional (n=13)
Does sprint training alter adrenal medullar responsiveness to sympathetic nervous activity during supramaximal exercise compared to untrained subjects?
Sprint-trained athletes demonstrate a higher adrenal medulla responsiveness to sympathetic nervous activity during supramaximal exercise compared to untrained individuals.
Answers are grounded in this paper and cite their sources.
May indicate greater adrenal responsiveness in sprint athletes; hypothesis-generating and leaves open causal training effects.
The purpose of this study was to compare the adrenal medullar responsiveness to the sympathetic nervous activity between sprinters and untrained subjects after a supramaximal exercise (Wingate-test). Thirteen subjects took part in this study: 7 male athletes (20.3+/-1.8 years) competing in sprint running (S) and 6 untrained men (UT) (21+/-1.3 years). They performed an incremental treadmill test to determine the maximal oxygen uptake (VO2max), a force-velocity test and a Wingate-test on 3 different days, separated by a maximal interval of 15 days. The maximal power (Wmax) and the mean power (W) were determined from the Wingate-test on a cycle ergometer. Plasma lactate, adrenaline and noradrenaline concentrations were determined at rest (La0, A0, NA0), immediately after the Wingate-test (Amax, NAmax) and after 5 minutes recovery (Lamax, A5 and NA5). S exhibited higher performances than UT during the Wingate-test as shown by their significantly higher values of Wmax (1111+/-38 w in S vs 886+/-148 w in UT), W (822+/-37 w in S vs 646+/-69 w in UT) and Lamax (16.8+/1.8 mmol x l(-1) in S vs 12.2+/-2.5 mmol x l(-1) in UT). At the end of the test the NAmax values were similar in both groups whereas the Amax were significantly higher in S (7.6 +/- 1.4 nmol x l(-1) in S vs 3.6 +/- 3.2 nmol x l(-1) in UT). This leads to a higher Amax/NAmax ratio for sprinters compared to untrained subjects (0.7+/-0.2 in S vs 0.3+/-0.2 in UT, p < 0.05). As the disappearance of A (estimated by the Amax-A5 difference) was not lower in S (6.4+/1.5 nmol x l(-1) in S vs 1.8+/-4 nmol x l(-1) in UT), the higher Amax values in S might be explained by a greater secretion level of A. Conversely the identical NAmax values in both groups suggested that this kind of exercise induced the same sympathetic input in S and UT. Consequently the higher Amax/NAmax ratio in S argued in favor of a higher responsiveness of the adrenal medulla of sprinters to the same sympathetic input.
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Zouhal et al. (1998) conducted a cross-sectional in Healthy (sprinters vs untrained) (n=13). Sprint training status vs. Untrained status was evaluated on Amax/NAmax ratio after Wingate-test (p=< 0.05). Sprint training status was associated with a higher Amax/NAmax ratio after supramaximal exercise compared to untrained subjects (0.7 vs 0.3, p<0.05), indicating greater adrenal medulla responsiveness.
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