Competitive examinations serve as the primary gateway to public employment in India. Every year, millions of candidates invest significant time, money, and effort in preparing for these examinations with the hope of securing stable employment. However, the increasing frequency of examination paper leaks has emerged as a serious threat to the integrity of the recruitment process. Whenever an examination is cancelled due to a paper leak, genuine candidates suffer despite having no involvement in the malpractice.
Kharol et al. (2026) studied this question.