Key Points
- The aim is to summarize the clinical pharmacology of oral anticoagulants in patients with chronic kidney disease and end-stage kidney disease.
- Review of FDA-approved oral anticoagulants for chronic kidney disease and end-stage kidney disease
- Evaluation of bleeding risks and morbidity associated with anticoagulant use
- Identification of gaps in knowledge regarding anticoagulant management in nephrology.
- Warfarin and apixaban are the only FDA-approved anticoagulants for patients with CKD and ESKD.
- Oral anticoagulants lead to increased bleeding events and hospitalization in patients with uremia.
- Nephrologists play a critical role in managing bleeding events related to oral anticoagulants in these patients.
Structured PICO
PPopulationPatients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) and end-stage kidney disease (ESKD)
IInterventionOral anticoagulants (including warfarin and apixaban)
This review highlights the unique pharmacologic properties of oral anticoagulants in patients with CKD and ESKD, emphasizing the need for careful management due to increased bleeding risks.