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A formulation of cosmology driven by fermions ψ is studied. Assumption that the expectation value of the fermion bilinear is non-zero simplifies the homogeneous solution of the Dirac equations and connects the spinor field with the scale parameter of the universe. With coupling between the Einstein term and spinor field 1−ξ6(ψ¯ψ)−l, the possibility for a late time interaction emerges. In that way, the early universe agrees with ΛCDM model, but for the late universe the new integrating term dominates.
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David Benisty (2023) studied this question.
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